The National Flag of India is a horizontal rectangular tricolour of three equal strips. It has deep saffron at the top, white in the middle and dark green at the bottom. The ratio of width of the flag to its length is two to three.
The colours of the three strips of the flag are symbolic of the core values India stands for: saffron symbolizes strength and courage, white for peace, and green for fertility, growth and auspiciousness.
At the centre of the white strips is a navy blue wheel, the Ashoka Chakra, with 24 equally spaced spokes. It represents the Dharma Chakra, the eternal wheel of law. It is adapted from the abacus of the Sarnath Lion Capital, erected by Ashoka, the great Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty who ruled in the 3rd century BC.
It was proposed as India’s national flag by Jawaharlal Nehru at the Constituent Assembly of India on 22 July 1947, and was accepted with a unanimous resolution. Since then it has been the national flag of India.
The tricolour has been associated with India’s struggle for independence. It underwent several modifications to suit India’s aspirations as a multicultural secular nation since it was first hoisted on 7 August 1906.
The hoisting, display and all other aspects of the usage of the flag are governed by the Flag Code of India and other laws relating to the National Identity Elements of India.
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